<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geophystech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геофизические технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geophysical Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1563</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPGG SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18303/2619-1563-2021-2-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geophystech-149</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение элементов залегания пластов по данным каротажа в процессе бурения методом переходных процессов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of formation dip and strike from transient LWD electromagnetic measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитенко</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitenko</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории многомасштабной геофизики Института нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики СО РАН. Основные научные интересы: прямые и обратные задачи электромагнитных зондирований, обоснование новых методов исследования скважин, новые способы интерпретации, разработка программного обеспечения для моделирования и инверсии данных.</p><p>630090, Новосибирск, просп. Акад. Коптюга, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NikitenkoMN@ipgg.sbras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабинович</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabinovich</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, петрофизик, специалист по электромагнитным методам. Основные научные интересы: разработка программного обеспечения для обработки и интерпретации данных современных электромагнитных комплексов каротажа на кабеле и в процессе бурения, экспертная оценка в выборе технологий исследования нефтегазовых скважин, интерпретация каротажных данных и геонавигация. Вклад в написание статьи был сделан во время работы в компании Baker Hughes.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NikitenkoMN@ipgg.sbras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свиридов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руководитель группы прикладной математики компании ROGII. Основные научные интересы: разработка алгоритмов обработки и инверсии данных каротажа во время бурения, геонавигация.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NikitenkoMN@ipgg.sbras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука СО РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Компания BP, 77079, Хьюстон, Техас, бул. Вестлейк-Парк, 501<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">BP, Westlake Park Blvd, 501, Houston, TX 77079<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Компания ROGII, 77084, Хьюстон, Техас, ул. Парк Тен, 16000<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">ROGII, Park Ten Place, 16000, Houston, TX 77084<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитенко М.Н., Рабинович М.Б., Свиридов М.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитенко М.Н., Рабинович М.Б., Свиридов М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitenko M.N., Rabinovich M.B., Sviridov M.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjgt.ru/jour/article/view/149">https://www.rjgt.ru/jour/article/view/149</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработан оригинальный метод оценки угла и азимута падения пластов по данным индукционного каротажа в процессе бурения методом переходных процессов, основанный на фокусировке во временной области. Идея фокусировки заключается в разложении измеренных сигналов во временной ряд и диагонализации матрицы сфокусированных компонент магнитного поля. Выполнена реализация метода и его всестороннее тестирование в горизонтально-слоистых средах, используемых при инверсии данных в процессе бурения для решения задач геонавигации и определения удельного электросопротивления пластов. Оценки углов позволяют повысить эффективность геонавигации при выборе направления бурения скважины, а также точность инверсии данных в случаях сложных моделей сред. Существенное сокращение ресурсоемкости инверсии и модельной эквивалентности достигается за счет уменьшения числа определяемых параметров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An original method has been developed for estimating formation dip and strike from transient induction LWD data, based on focusing in the time domain. The focusing consists in decomposing the measured signals into a time series and diagonalizing the matrix of focused magnetic field components. We have implemented the method and comprehensively tested it in horizontally-layered media used for LWD data inversion to solve geosteering problems and evaluate the formation resistivity. Estimates of the angles contribute to reliable geosteering when choosing a direction of drilling, as well as when inverting data for a complex earth model. A significant reduction in the resource intensity of inversion and model equivalence is achieved by reducing the number of determined parameters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Угол и азимут падения пластов</kwd><kwd>каротаж в процессе бурения</kwd><kwd>метод переходных процессов</kwd><kwd>электромагнитное поле</kwd><kwd>численная инверсия</kwd><kwd>геоэлектрическая модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Formation dip and strike</kwd><kwd>logging while drilling</kwd><kwd>transient method</kwd><kwd>electromagnetic field</kwd><kwd>numerical inversion</kwd><kwd>geoelectric model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дворецкий П.И., Ярмахов И.Г. Электромагнитные и гидродинамические методы при освоении нефтегазовых месторождений. – М.: Недра, 1998. – 318 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson B., Chew W.C. Transient response of some borehole mandrel tools // Geophysics. – 1989. – Vol. 54 (2). – P. 216–224, doi: 10.1190/1.1442645.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кауфман А.А. Индукционный каротаж методом переходных процессов // Геология и геофизика. – 1969. – № 7. – С. 125–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banning E., Hagiwara T., Ostermeier R. System and method for locating an anomaly ahead of a drill bit // US Patent No. 7538555, publ. May 26, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кауфман А.А., Терентьев С.А. Нестационарное электромагнитное поле вертикального магнитного диполя в пластах ограниченной мощности // Физика Земли. – 1971. – № 9. – С. 85–87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bespalov A., Rabinovich M., Tabarovsky L. Deep resistivity transient method for MWD application using asymptotic filtering // US Patent No. 7027922, publ. April 11, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кауфман А.А., Соколов В.П. Теория индукционного каротажа методом переходных процессов. – Новосибирск: Наука, 1972. – 128 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutta S., Reiderman A., Schoonover L.G., Rabinovich M.B. New borehole transient electromagnetic system for reservoir monitoring // Petrophysics. – 2012. – Vol. 53 (3). – P. 222–232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мосин А.П., Могилатов В.С. Некоторые вопросы обоснования электромагнитного каротажа методом переходных процессов // Каротажник. – 2015. – Вып. 258. – С. 63–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epov M.I., Morozova G.M., Antonov E.Yu. Electromagnetic defectoscopy of casing strings of oil and gas wells [in Russian]. – Geo, Novosibirsk, 2002. – 104 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мосин А.П., Могилатов В.С. Средства математического анализа электромагнитного каротажа методом переходных процессов в цилиндрически-слоистой среде // Каротажник. – 2018. – Вып. 288. – С. 73–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epov M.I., Mironov V.L., Komarov S.A., Muzalevsky K.V. Nanosecond electromagnetic sounding of a fluid-saturated layered formation // Russ. Geol. Geophys. – 2007. – Vol. 48 (12). – P. 1054–1060, doi: 10.1016/j.rgg.2007.11.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онегова Е.В., Эпов М.И. Трехмерное моделирование нестационарного электромагнитного поля для задач геонавигации горизонтальных скважин // Геология и геофизика. – 2011. – Т. 52, № 7. – С. 925–930.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Itskovich G. Downhole transient resistivity measurements // US Patent No. 9857499, publ. January 2, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плюснин М.И., Вильге Б.И. К обоснованию индукционного каротажа по методу переходных процессов // Известия вузов. Геология и разведка. – 1969. – № 5. – C. 158–165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Itskovich G., Nikitenko M. Fast inversion of MWD transient EM data excited by a pulse of an arbitrary shape // US Patent No. 9562990, publ. February 7, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ратушняк А.Н., Теплухин В.К. Физико-теоретические и экспериментальные основы индуктивных методов исследований скважин. – Екатеринбург: УрО РАН, 2017. – 124 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Itskovich G., Lee F., Nikitenko M. Hybrid image of earth formation based on transient electromagnetic measurements // US Patent No. 10139517, publ. November 27, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоров В.А. Скважинные дефектоскопы-толщиномеры для исследования многоколонных скважин // Каротажник. – 1996. – Вып. 24. – С. 83–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman A.A. TEM induction logging // Soviet Geology and Geophysics. – 1969. – No. 7. – P. 125–131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эпов М.И., Морозова Г.М., Антонов Е.Ю. Электромагнитная дефектоскопия обсадных колонн нефтегазовых скважин. – Новосибирск: Гео, 2002. – 104 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman A.A., Terentyev S.A. Non-stationary electromagnetic field of a vertical magnetic dipole in layers of limited thickness // Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth. – 1971. – No. 9. – P. 85–87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эпов М.И., Миронов В.Л., Комаров С.А., Музалевский К.В. Электромагнитное зондирование флюидонасыщенного слоистого коллектора наносекундными импульсами // Геология и геофизика. – 2007. – Т. 48, № 12. – С. 1357–1365.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman A.A., Sokolov V.P. TEM induction logging theory [in Russian]. – Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1972. – 128 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson B., Chew W.C. Transient response of some borehole mandrel tools // Geophysics. – 1989. – Vol. 54 (2). – P. 216–224, doi: 10.1190/1.1442645.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosin A.P., Mogilatov V.S. Some questions on substantiation of TEM electromagnetic logging // Karotazhnik. – 2015. – Vol. 258. – P. 63–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banning E., Hagiwara T., Ostermeier R. System and method for locating an anomaly ahead of a drill bit // US Patent No. 7538555, publ. May 26, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosin A.P., Mogilatov V.S. Means for mathematical analysis of TEM logging in a cylindrical-layered medium // Karotazhnik. – 2018. – Vol. 288. – P. 73–84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bespalov A., Rabinovich M., Tabarovsky L. Deep resistivity transient method for MWD application using asymptotic filtering // US Patent No. 7027922, publ. April 11, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikitenko M., Rabinovich M., Sviridov M. Late time rotation processing of multi-component transient EM data for formation dip and azimuth // US Patent Application No. 14539014, publ. May 14, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutta S., Reiderman A., Schoonover L.G., Rabinovich M.B. New borehole transient electromagnetic system for reservoir monitoring // Petrophysics. – 2012. – Vol. 53 (3). – P. 222–232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onegova E.V., Epov M.I. 3D simulation of transient electromagnetic field for geosteering horizontal wells // Russ. Geol. Geophys. – 2011. – Vol. 52 (7). – P. 725–729, doi: 10.1016/j.rgg.2011.06.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Itskovich G. Downhole transient resistivity measurements // US Patent No. 9857499, publ. January 2, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onegova E., Nikitenko M., Itskovich G., Reiderman A. Comparison of resolution power of frequency and time domain measurements in reservoir navigation // EAGE Geomodel 2010 (Gelendzhik, September 13–17, 2010): extended abstracts. – Gelendzhik, 2010. – 188-00094.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Itskovich G., Nikitenko M. Fast inversion of MWD transient EM data excited by a pulse of an arbitrary shape // US Patent No. 9562990, publ. February 7, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plyusnin M.I., Vilge B.I. To substantiation of TEM induction logging // Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration. – 1969. – No. 5. – P. 158–165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Itskovich G., Lee F., Nikitenko M. Hybrid image of earth formation based on transient electromagnetic measurements // US Patent No. 10139517, publ. November 27, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabinovich M., Tabarovsky L., Corley B., van der Horst J. Processing multi-component induction data for formation dip and azimuth in anisotropic formations // The SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium (New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, June 26–29, 2005): transactions. – New Orleans, 2005. – SPWLA-2005-XX.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nikitenko M., Rabinovich M., Sviridov M. Late time rotation processing of multi-component transient EM data for formation dip and azimuth // US Patent Application No. 14539014, publ. May 14, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabinovich M.B., Bespalov A.N., Forgang S.W., Georgi D.T., Itskovich G.B., Tabarovsky L.A. Transient EM for geosteering and LWD/wireline formation evaluation // US Patent No. 8049507, publ. November 1, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Onegova E., Nikitenko M., Itskovich G., Reiderman A. Comparison of resolution power of frequency and time domain measurements in reservoir navigation // EAGE Geomodel 2010 (Gelendzhik, September 13–17, 2010): extended abstracts. – Gelendzhik, 2010. – 188-00094.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ratushnyak A.N., Teplukhin V.K. Physico-theoretical and experimental foundations of inductive well logging methods [in Russian]. – UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, 2017. – 124 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabinovich M., Tabarovsky L., Corley B., van der Horst J. Processing multi-component induction data for formation dip and azimuth in anisotropic formations // The SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium (New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, June 26–29, 2005): transactions. – New Orleans, 2005. – SPWLA-2005-XX.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seydoux J., Tabanou J., Ortenzi L., Denichou J.M., De Laet Y., Omeragic D., Iversen M., Fejerskov M. A deep-resistivity logging-while-drilling device for proactive geosteering // The Offshore Technology Conference (Houston, Texas, USA, May 5–8, 2003): proceedings. – Houston, 2003. – OTC-15126-MS.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabinovich M.B., Bespalov A.N., Forgang S.W., Georgi D.T., Itskovich G.B., Tabarovsky L.A. Transient EM for geosteering and LWD/wireline formation evaluation // US Patent No. 8049507, publ. November 1, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorov V.A. Borehole defectoscopes-calipers for studying multi-column wells // Karotazhnik. – 1996. – Vol. 24. – P. 83–94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seydoux J., Tabanou J., Ortenzi L., Denichou J.M., De Laet Y., Omeragic D., Iversen M., Fejerskov M. A deep-resistivity logging-while-drilling device for proactive geosteering // The Offshore Technology Conference (Houston, Texas, USA, May 5–8, 2003): proceedings. – Houston, 2003. – OTC-15126-MS.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabarovsky L.A., Rabinovich M.B. Real time 2D inversion of induction logging data // Journal of Applied Geophysics. – 1998. – Vol. 38 (4). – P. 251–275, doi: 10.1016/S0926-9851(97)00034-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabarovsky L.A., Rabinovich M.B. Real time 2D inversion of induction logging data // Journal of Applied Geophysics. – 1998. – Vol. 38 (4). – P. 251–275, doi: 10.1016/S0926-9851(97)00034-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabarovsky L.A., Rabinovich M. Determination of formation anisotropy, dip and azimuth // US Patent No. 7392137, publ. June 24, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabarovsky L.A., Rabinovich M. Determination of formation anisotropy, dip and azimuth // US Patent No. 7392137, publ. June 24, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabarovsky L.A., Goldman M.M., Rabinovich M.B., Strack K.-M. 2.5-D modeling in electromagnetic methods of geophysics // Journal of Applied Geophysics. – 1996. – Vol. 35 (4). – P. 261–284, doi: 10.1016/0926-9851(96)00025-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabarovsky L.A., Goldman M.M., Rabinovich M.B., Strack K.-M. 2.5-D modeling in electromagnetic methods of geophysics // Journal of Applied Geophysics. – 1996. – Vol. 35 (4). – P. 261–284, doi: 10.1016/0926-9851(96)00025-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z., Yu L., Tabarovsky L.A., Kriegshäuser B. Simultaneous determination of formation angles and anisotropic resistivity using multi-component induction logging data // US Patent No. 6643589, publ. November 4, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z., Yu L., Tabarovsky L.A., Kriegshäuser B. Simultaneous determination of formation angles and anisotropic resistivity using multi-component induction logging data // US Patent No. 6643589, publ. November 4, 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z., Yu L., Kriegshäuser B., Tabarovsky L. Determination of relative angles and anisotropic resistivity using multicomponent induction logging data // Geophysics. – 2004. – Vol. 69 (4). – P. 898–908, doi: 10.1190/1.1778233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z., Yu L., Kriegshäuser B., Tabarovsky L. Determination of relative angles and anisotropic resistivity using multicomponent induction logging data // Geophysics. – 2004. – Vol. 69 (4). – P. 898–908, doi: 10.1190/1.1778233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z., Yu L., Kriegshäuser B., Tabarovsky L. Determination of relative angles and anisotropic resistivity using multicomponent induction logging data // Geophysics. – 2004. – Vol. 69 (4). – P. 898–908, doi: 10.1190/1.1778233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
