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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geophystech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геофизические технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Geophysical Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1563</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPGG SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18303/2619-1563-2020-1-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geophystech-90</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>BASIC TOMO: обучающая программа для изучения роли свободных параметров и систем наблюдения в задачах томографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BASIC TOMO: an educational tool for investigating the role of controlling parameters and observation geometry in tomography problems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулаков</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koulakov</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КУЛАКОВ Иван Юрьевич – доктор геолого-минералогических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, заместитель директора, 630090, Новосибирск, просп. Акад. Коптюга, 3, Россия; 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Pirogova Str., 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KoulakovIY@ipgg.sbras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кулаков И.Ю., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кулаков И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koulakov I.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjgt.ru/jour/article/view/90">https://www.rjgt.ru/jour/article/view/90</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья представляет программу томографии BASIC TOMO, которая специально разработана для образовательных целей и позволяет демонстрировать роль различных параметров при инверсии. Алгоритм использует упрощенную аппроксимацию лучей прямыми линиями и параметризацию модели посредством прямоугольных блоков. Процедура томографии сводится к решению системы линейных уравнений, которая осуществляется с помощью алгоритма LSQR. В данной работе представлены несколько упражнений, демонстрирующих влияние на инверсию различных факторов, таких как: шаг сетки, регуляризация, конфигурация лучей и уровень шума в данных. Расчеты проводятся для нескольких типов синтетических моделей. Все результаты, приведенные в статье, могут быть воспроизведены посредством версии алгоритма BASIC TOMO, приложенной в дополнительных материалах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents an educational version of the tomography algorithm BASIC TOMO, which is aimed at demonstration of the role of different controlling parameters in inversion. The algorithm uses a simplified approximation of rays with straight lines and a model parameterization with the use of rectangular cells. The tomography procedure is reduced to solving a system of linear equations, which is performed using the LSQR method. This study presents several exercises showing the role of different factors in inversion, such as grid spacing, smoothing, ray configuration, and noise in the data. The calculations are performed for different types of synthetic models. All the results can be easily reproduced using the appended version of the BASIC TOMO code.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>томография</kwd><kwd>регуляризация</kwd><kwd>параметризация</kwd><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>синтетическое моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tomography</kwd><kwd>regularization</kwd><kwd>parameterization</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>synthetic modeling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eberhart-Phillips D. 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